VGA graphics were introduced in April 1987 by IBM with the PS/2 series. At first, they usually were not called VGA, just PS/2 graphics. It was a far bigger step than from CGA to EGA, which is probably why game designers were more reluctant to embrace them.
In 1989, a few games supported VGA, but usually only for a better palette of their 16-color graphics. But then it went surprisingly fast. In 1990 VGA became standard, and in 1991 EGA was more or less a thing of the past.
VGA died out in the mid-90s, about the same time that 32-bit Windows took over from DOS. The last big game that ran in VGA mode only was probably Daggerfall. Since then, mode 13h has been the realm of hobby programmers, and even those are using it less and less.
There are far too many VGA games to list them here, but I do list those that used the far rarer hi-res mode: 16 colors at 640×480. In Japan this mode was fairly popular, since it translated well from the PC98.
Mode Number Text Res. Graphics Res. Description Adapters Max. Pages
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0h 40×25 ------ B&W Text CGA+ 8
1h 80×25 ------ B&W Text MDPA+ 8
2h 40×25 ------ Color Text CGA+ 4 or 8
3h 80×25 ------ Color Text (MDPA?)/CGA+ 4 or 8
4h 40×25 320×200 4 colors CGA+ 1
5h 40×25 320×200 2 colors CGA+ 1
6h 80×25 640×200 2 colors CGA+ 1
7h 80×25 ------ B&W MDPA (CGA+?) 1
8h to Ch -- PCjr or other adapters; no longer used
Dh 40×25 320×200 16 colors EGA+ 8
Eh 80×25 640×200 16 colors EGA+ 4
Fh 80×25 640×350 2 colors EGA+ 2
10h 80×25 640×350 16 colors EGA+ 2
11h 80×25 640×480 2 colors VGA+ 1
12h 80×25 640×480 16 colors VGA+ 1
13h 40×25 320×200 256 colors VGA+ 1